webdriver 自动化测试

Selenium 是最流行的自动化测试工具，提供一整套的解决方案，其中webdriver remote方式比较灵活，浏览器可以指定本地或远程。部署也简单，在浏览器端运行java服务，客户端测试用例可以用 Java、Ruby、PHP、Python 编写。 

测试服务器： 

下载地址： http://selenium.googlecode.com/files/selenium-server-standalone-2.20.0.jar 

java -jar selenium-server-standalone-2.20.0.jar

Ruby： 

Ruby使用watir-webdriver接口。 

测试代码： 

require "watir-webdriver"
require "selenium/webdriver/remote/capabilities"

browser = Watir::Browser.new :remote, :url => "http://localhost:4444/wd/hub", :desired_capabilities => Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.chrome

browser.goto("www.tudou.com")

browser.text_field(:id => 'email').set 'test'
browser.text_field(:id => 'pwd').set '1234'

browser.button(:class => 'lg_b').click

puts browser.text.include? 'SHH'

browser.li(:id, "myTudouNav").fire_event("onmouseover")

browser.a(:xpath, ".//*[@id='myTudouNav']/div/ul/li[12]/a").click

puts browser.text.include? 'SHH'

js = <<JS
    $('.logo').css('border', '1px solid red');
JS

browser.execute_script js

browser.close

安装watir-webdriver： 

1. 安装ruby 1.9.3。下载地址：http://rubyinstaller.org/downloads/ 

2. 安装watir-webdriver。 

    > gem update --system --no-rdoc --no-ri 
    > gem install watir-webdriver --no-rdoc --no-ri 

4. 安装chromedriver，用于支持chrome。 下载地址：http://code.google.com/p/chromedriver/downloads/list 

PHP： 

PHP使用facebook的php-webdriver接口。 

测试代码： 

require_once 'php-webdriver/__init__.php';

$wd_host = 'http://localhost:4444/wd/hub';
$web_driver = new WebDriver($wd_host);

$session = $web_driver->session('chrome');

$session->open('http://www.tudou.com');

$session->element('css selector', '#email')->value(array('value' => str_split('test')));
$session->element('css selector', '#pwd')->value(array('value' => str_split('1234')));

$session->element('css selector', '.lg_b')->click('');

echo preg_match('/SSH/s', $session->source()) ? 'ok' : 'error';

$element = $session->element('id', "myTudouNav");
$session->moveto(array('element' => $element->getID()));

$session->element('xpath', ".//*[@id='myTudouNav']/div/ul/li[12]/a")->click('');

$script = <<<JS
$('.logo').css('border', '1px solid red');
JS;
$session->execute(array(
    'script' => $script,
    'args' => array(),
));

$session->close();

php-webdriver 下载地址：https://github.com/facebook/php-webdriver 

Python： 

测试代码： 

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.remote.command import Command
from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities

browser = webdriver.Remote('http://localhost:4444/wd/hub', DesiredCapabilities.CHROME);

browser.get("http://www.tudou.com/");

browser.find_element_by_css_selector("#email").send_keys("test")
browser.find_element_by_css_selector("#pwd").send_keys("1234")

browser.find_element_by_css_selector("input.lg_b").click()

element = browser.find_element_by_css_selector("#myTudouNav")
browser.execute(Command.MOVE_TO, {'element': element.id})

browser.find_element_by_xpath(".//*[@id='myTudouNav']/div/ul/li[12]/a").click()

js = "$('.logo').css('border', '1px solid red');";
browser.execute_script(js)

browser.close()

selenium python安装方法：easy_install –U selenium 


参考文档（有些网站需要翻X）： 

http://openqa.org/ 
http://seleniumhq.org/ 
http://watir.com 
https://github.com/watir/watir-webdriver 
http://code.google.com/p/selenium/ 

http://17test.info/ 
http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/java/j-lo-rubytesting/ 
http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/opensource/os-cn-watir/ 

http://www.facebook.com/notes/facebook-engineering/watir-to-webdriver-unit-test-frameworks/10150314152278920 
http://itreallymatters.net/post/10991877834/facebook-watir-and-testing 

淘宝automan介绍： 
http://qa.taobao.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/AutomanUserMenuZH-CN.pdf 

JsonWire协议： 
http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/JsonWireProtocol#Command_Reference